Beyond borders
Comparative
Every comparative analysis held in the archive, each one reading a landmark judgment against the approach taken in another legal system.
69 comparative analyses
UK · ** United States
**Anisminic Ltd v. Foreign Compensation Commission** Can Parliament bar courts from reviewing administrative decisions? ###
House of Lords · 1969France · United StatesAramuWhat procedural protections do citizens have against the state?
Council of State · 1945India · ** United States
**Bachan Singh v. State of Punjab** Is the death penalty constitutional? ###
Supreme Court of India · 1980France · United KingdomBenjaminHow far can the state go to maintain public order?
Council of State · 1933France · IndiaBlancoWhen is the state liable for harm?
Tribunal of Conflicts · 1873USA · IndiaBrown v. Board of EducationCan courts really change society? Two countries answered that question differently.
Supreme Court of the United States · 1954France · IndiaCadotWho judges the administration?
Council of State · 1889France · United KingdomCanal de CraponneCan courts rewrite contracts when circumstances change?
Court of Cassation · 1876UK · ** United States
**Caparo Industries plc v. Dickman** When do professionals owe a duty of care to third parties? ###
House of Lords · 1990UK · ** United States
**Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.** When does an advertisement become a binding offer? ###
Court of Appeal of England and Wales · 1892Russia · ** United States
**Case on the Constitutionality of Presidential Decrees on Chechnya (Chechen War Case)** Can the President deploy military forces domestically without emergency declaration? ###
Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation · 1995USA · FranceChevron U.S.A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense CouncilWho should interpret ambiguous laws—judges or agencies?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1984China · ** United Kingdom
**China’s first personal bankruptcy ruling** How should individuals be relieved from overwhelming debt? ###
Chinese courts · 2021USA · IndiaCooper v. AaronWhat happens when states refuse to obey the Court?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1958France · IndiaDame LamotteCan citizens always challenge administrative action?
Council of State · 1950Russia · ** India
**Decision on the Constitutionality of the 2020 Amendments to the Russian Constitution** Can presidential term limits be reset? ###
Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation · 2020Russia · ** United States
**Decision on the Freedom of Assembly and Public Demonstrations (Judgment No. 14-P)** Can fines for protests be so high they effectively ban assembly? ###
Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation · 2013Russia · ** United States
**Decision on the Priority of the Russian Constitution over International Human Rights Rulings** Can international court rulings override the Constitution? ###
Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation · 2015France · United KingdomDesmaresHow should compensation be reduced for victim's fault?
Court of Cassation · 1982UK · ** United States
**Donoghue v. Stevenson** How far does the duty of care extend? ###
House of Lords · 1932USA · RussiaDred Scott v. SandfordWhat happens when the Court gets it catastrophically wrong?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1857USA · FranceEngel v. VitaleCan public schools lead students in prayer? Two secular democracies, two answers.
Supreme Court of the United States · 1962UK · ** United States
**Entick v. Carrington** How far can government go in searching private property? ###
Court of Common Pleas · 1765China · ** United States
**First anti-monopoly refusal-to-license SEP case** When must patent holders license their technology? ###
Supreme People’s Court · 2024France · United StatesFreedom of Association DecisionHow do you protect the right to associate?
Constitutional Council · 1971USA · IndiaGibbons v. OgdenHow far does federal power over commerce really go?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1824China · ** United States
**Government information disclosure landmark case** How transparent must government be? ###
Chinese courts · 2011–2025Russia · ** United States
**Greenpeace Arctic Sunrise Case (State v. Arctic Sunrise Crew)** How far can environmental protests go at energy infrastructure? ###
Murmansk Regional Court / Investigative Committee of Russia · 2013China · ** India
**Guiding environmental public-interest litigation case** Can citizens sue to protect the environment? ###
Supreme People’s Court · 2010s–2020sIndia · United StatesI.C. Golaknath & Ors. v. State of PunjabCan Parliament amend fundamental rights?
Supreme Court of India · 1967Russia · ** United States
**Judgment on Article 212.1 of the Criminal Code (Dadin Case)** Can peaceful protest infractions lead to prison? ###
Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation · 2017India · United StatesJustice K. S. Puttaswamy v. Union of IndiaIs privacy a fundamental right?
Supreme Court of India · 2017India · ** United States
**K. M. Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra** What constitutes "grave and sudden provocation"? ###
Supreme Court of India · 1962India · United StatesKesavananda Bharati v. State of KeralaHow far can Parliament go in amending the Constitution?
Supreme Court of India · 1973Russia · ** United States
**Khachaturyan Sisters Case** Can killing an abusive parent be self-defense? ###
Moscow City Court · 2019USA · ChinaKorematsu v. United StatesCan national security justify racial discrimination?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1944China · ** France
**Landmark administrative coercion case involving enterprises** How far can government go in coercing enterprises? ###
Supreme People’s Court · 2025USA · United KingdomLawrence v. TexasCan the state criminalize private consensual intimacy?
Supreme Court of the United States · 2003China · IndiaLiu Guangming caseHow can courts protect rights against administrative action?
Supreme People’s Court · 2000sIndia · ** United States
**M. C. Mehta v. Union of India (Oleum Gas Leak Case)** How liable are hazardous industries for harm? ###
Supreme Court of India · 1987India · United StatesManeka Gandhi v. Union of IndiaWhat does "procedure established by law" really mean?
Supreme Court of India · 1978USA · IndiaMarbury v. MadisonHow did India take judicial review further than the United States?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1803USA · IndiaMcCulloch v. MarylandWho really runs the federation—the center or the states?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1819USA · United KingdomMiranda v. ArizonaHow do you protect suspects from police pressure? Two democracies, two approaches.
Supreme Court of the United States · 1966France · IndiaMorsang-sur-OrgeCan human dignity justify restricting freedom?
Council of State · 1995India · ** United States
**Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India** Should consensual same-sex relations be criminalized? ###
Supreme Court of India · 2018France · United StatesNicoloWho decides when treaties override domestic law?
Conseil d’État · 1989China · IndiaNicolo-style constitutional review in China is not available; use PRC constitutional-administrative landmark cases insteadHow far can courts go in reviewing constitutional matters?
Supreme People’s Court · 2001–2008France · RussiaPaponCan the state be held liable for wartime crimes?
Court of Cassation · 2002France · United KingdomPerrucheCan a child claim damages for being born with disabilities?
Court of Cassation · 2000China · United StatesQi Yuling v. Chen Xiaoqi et al.Can courts apply the Constitution directly in ordinary cases?
Supreme People’s Court · 2001UK · ** India
**R (Miller) v. The Prime Minister / Cherry v. Advocate General for Scotland (Miller II)** Can the Prime Minister suspend Parliament without limit? ###
Supreme Court of the United Kingdom · 2019USA · IndiaRegents of the University of California v. BakkeCan race be used to fix past discrimination?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1978USA · FranceRoe v. WadeWho decides—women, courts, or legislatures?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1973India · United StatesS. R. Bommai v. Union of IndiaCan the President dismiss state governments arbitrarily?
Supreme Court of India · 1994India · United KingdomSatyabrata Ghose v. Mugneeram Bangur & Co.When does a contract become "frustrated"?
Supreme Court of India · 1954USA · United KingdomSchenck v. United StatesWhen does speech become too dangerous to tolerate?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1919France · United KingdomSociété des Cafés Jacques VabreWhat happens when international law conflicts with domestic law?
Cour de cassation · 1975India · United StatesState of Madras v. Champakam DorairajanCan caste-based quotas be used for college admissions?
Supreme Court of India · 1951India · United StatesSupreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association v. Union of India (Second Judges Case)Who should appoint judges?
Supreme Court of India · 1993USA · ChinaTexas v. JohnsonIs burning a flag protected speech or an attack on the nation?
Supreme Court of the United States · 1989China · United StatesThe 2002 Administrative Evidence InterpretationHow transparent must government evidence be?
Supreme People’s Court · 2002China · ** India
**The Taizhou water pollution case** How far should courts go to protect the environment? ###
Supreme People’s Court · 2016China · FranceTian Yong v. Beijing No. 1 Intermediate People’s CourtHow can citizens challenge administrative decisions?
Supreme People’s Court · 1999India · United StatesUnion of India v. Association for Democratic Reforms (ADR)Do voters have a right to know about candidates?
Supreme Court of India · 2002India · United StatesUnni Krishnan, J.P. v. State of Andhra PradeshIs education a fundamental right?
Supreme Court of India · 1993India · United KingdomVodafone International Holdings B.V. v. Union of IndiaCan offshore share transfers be taxed?
Supreme Court of India · 2012China · IndiaWang v. local land administration disputeHow can citizens challenge land expropriation?
Chinese courts · 2000sChina · United StatesZhao Yuling-style constitutional reasoning / Qi Yuling-related rights enforcementHow do courts reason with constitutional values?
Supreme People’s Court · 2001